ronan



A. G. RONAN.

PATENTED FEB. 16, 1904.

RAW LIQUID FUEL MEASURERFOR EXPLOSIVEENGIN'ES;

APPLICATION FILED JULY 22, I902.

2T0 MODEL.

Patented February 16, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

ANSON GROVESv RONAN, OF TORONTO, CANADA. 7

RAW-LlQUlD-FUEL MEASURER FOR EXPLOSlVE-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 752,181, dated February16, 1904.

Application filed July 22, 1902, Serial No, 116,559. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, Anson Gnovns RONAN, machinist, a subject of the Kingof Great Britain, residing at Toronto, in the county of York, Provinceof Ontario, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inRaw- Liquid-Fuel Measurers for Explosion-Engines, of which the followingis a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in raw-liquid-fuel measurers; andthe objects of my invention are, first, to combine with anexplosion-chamber provided with the usual exhaust-port and igniter andconstructed with a separate opening for air and a separate opening forfuel a raw-liquid-fuel-measuring device, (operated by the suction andcompression strokes of the pistonhead,) by means of which a charge offuel is measured and fed to the explosion-chamber during portion only ofthe suction-stroke, so that said charge may be vaporized and mixed withthe air in said explosion-chamber during the rest of the suctionstrokeand the whole of the compressionstroke, and, secondly, to design asimple and cheap device to supersede carbureters, mixers,

and vaporizers of all types; and it consists, essentially, of a conduitdesigned to be filled with liquid fuel, a valve stem held in saidconduit, a valve-head on one end of said valvestem, and a valve-head onthe other end of said valve-stem, the said conduit opening into saidexplosionchamber through said fuelopening and leading from a suitablesource of fuel-supply, as hereinaftervmore particularly explained.

Figure l is a front elevation of my fuel.

measurer, and Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of same. Fig. 3 is a horizontalcross-section on the line a b, Fig. 1, showing the construction of mydevice. This figure also shows an explosion-chamber provided with twodistinct passage-ways, one for the fuel (to which the measurer isconnected) and another for the air. This figure further shows anysuitable fuelreservoir for the measurer. Fig. & is a horizontalcross-section through an alternative form of my measurer.

In the drawings like letters of reference indicate corresponding partsin each figure.

The body A, together with the cups B and B screwing into said body oneach side of same, forms what I call the casing of the fuel-measurer.that the body A is so constructed as to receive the said cups, and asthe said cups are hollow thus provide two chambers C and D within saidcasing. E is a passage-way within the ,body A, connecting the saidchambers together. Within this passage-way E and having longitudinalmovement therein is held a valve F, a valve-head G of which is held upona seat H- by a spring I, held between said It will be seen from Fig. 3

valve-head and the cup B, In order to se- .curely hold the spring Iinposition and alineinent with the longitudinal axis of a valve F, Iprovide a pocket J, (shown by dotted lines in valve-head G,) in whichone end of this spring is held, and a hollow screw K, screwing from theoutside into the cup B,'which contains the other end of the spring. Bymeans of the screw K it will be seen that I can easily adjust thetension of the spring I against the valve F. In order to protect thescrew K, I incase same within a housing L, constructed with a chamber M,which will be of suflicient height as not to abut the head of the screwK when said housing is screwed home.- I

On the shank N of the valve F is screwed a valve-head O. In order tooperate this valvehead so as to regulatev distance of movement of samefrom its seat P, (thus regulating the .quantity of fuel required for acharge to correspond to the horse-power of the engine,) I provide thefollowing means, but vwish to be distinctlyunderstood that I do notconfine myself to these means: In valve-head O, I construct a slot q, inwhich operates'a lug R, se-

cured toorforming part of the flared head S of the pin T, (showndotted.) This head has movement upon the correspondingly-shaped seat U,formed on the inner side of the cup Keyed in any suitable way to the pinT is an arm V, by means of which the said pin is revolved, thus movingthe valve-head O to or from its seat. In order to'keep the head S tightupon its seat, I tightly screw between the arm V and the cup B? on thepin T a nut W against said cup, and on the outer end of said pin T,I'screw a nut X tightly against said arm. This is of course a verycommon means of locking a valve-head against a seat, so that no matterin which direction same may be turned it will not be loosened therefrom.

Valve F is constructed in any suitable manner to provide free flow offuel when not seated through the passage-WayE from chamber D to chamberC. In the drawings I have shown a series of grooves Y, constructed insaid valve for this purpose.

8 is a duct leading from the chamber 0 to communicate with thepassage-way in the conduit 9, which leads to the explosion-chamber 10.The conduit 9 is connected to the trunnion 11 by any'suitableunion-coupling 12. Although I have shown the conduit 9 as opening intothe explosion-chamber in a reduced end, I find this is immaterial. I maymake the discharge end of said conduit of the same diameter as the restof the conduit.

.13 is the opening through which the fuel is introduced into theexplosion-chamber 10, and 14 the opening through which the air isintroduced into said explosion-chamber by means of any suitableinduction-valve 15 held therein. I do not confine myself to anyparticular construction of explosionchamber,except that same must beprovided with two separate passage-ways, one for the air and the otherfor the fuel.

25 is any suitable igniter situated within the explosion-chamber 10. Ipreferably use an electric igniter.

I shall now describe the operation of my device: The ducts and chamberswithin the measurer and the conduits leading to and from same are filledwith the fuel. We will consider that the measurer and conduits connectedtherewith are filled and the measurer ready for operation. During theoutward movement of the piston-head 16 the pressure within theexplosion-chamber 10 is gradually reduced until it is below that of theatmosphere. Consequently the back pressure (if any) against the fuelcontained in the conduit 9, duct 8, and chamber G is greatly below thatof the atmospheric pressure against the fuel in the grooves Y, chamberD, duct 6, conduit 2, (connected to the said duct by any suitableunion-coupling 5 screwing over the trunnion 41,) and reservoir 3, intowhich said conduit opens. Therefore it will be understood that thevalve-head G will be moved off its seat H, thus permitting the charge offuel from the conduit 9 to be fed into the explosion-chamber 10.Simultaneously with this operation the induction-valve 15 is operated soas to permit air to pass into said explosion -chamber. Immediately thepiston starts to move inwardly the pressure within the explosion-chambercloses the induction-valve 15, and as the end of the conduit 9 opensdirectly into said explosionchamber the pressure against fuel in sameacts through the passage-ways or ducts before described and forces thevalve-head G down onto its seat H. The spring I of course assists thismovement of said valve. As the valve F in the preferred form is providedwith two valve-heads, it will be understood that when the valve-head Gis being moved away from its seat, as described, the valve-head O isbeing moved toward its seat R at the same rate of speed and that as soonas the valve-head 0 seats the passage-way E between the two chambers Dand C is closed. This operation prevents the introduction into theexplosionchamber of more fuel than is required, thus always insuring theproper quantity of fuel being delivered thereinto. It will of course beunderstood that this operation will take place each time energy has tobe developed within the explosion-chamber. When the piston-head 16compresses the charge within the explosion-chamber, it will beunderstood that the closing of the valve-head G down upon its seatprevents the raw liquid fuel from being forced out of the measurer. Itwill be seen from this that the valve F is really a checkvalve.

By means of a key 18, secured in the body A, operating in a slot 19 inthe side of the valve-head G, the valve F is prevented from axialmovement.

In order to know the distance the valve-head O is moved to or from itsseat to regulate the charge of fuel, I provide the cup B with a dial Bprovided with suitable marks thereon with which the pointer V, securedto or forming part'of the arm V, must be made to register. To decreasethe charge of fuel into the chamber C, the arm V must be moved in thedirection indicated by arrow, and to increase chargethe arm V must ofcourse be moved in opposite direction.

In order to make chambers C and D perfectly tight, I provide annularflanges 0 and d in same, respectively, around which I place any suitablepacking 7, as shown. These said chambers can of course be made tight inany suitable manner, andI do not confine myself to the construction justdescribed. As will be seen, the cups B are jammed against the packing 7and fit around the outer side of the. annular flanges 0 and d.

The alternative form of my fuel-measurer (shown in Fig. 4) is providedwith the ducts 6 and 8 and is connected in any suitable manner to areservoir and an explosion-chamber, as will be understood. The cups-B-and B are provided with the chambers D and G,which are connectedtogether by the passage-way E. The cup B in this form is provided with ahollow extension 20, fitting within the passage-way E. Within thisextension operates the valve F, which controls the passage of fuel fromthe chamber D to the chamber 0. The modified form of valveis providedfor the major portion of its length with a central passage-way F, whichcommunicates with the annular groove F of said valve by means of aseries of small passage-ways F. F 4 is a valvehead. and F seat for same.On the stem F of the valve is held a spring F which also rests withinthe cup F of the regulating-spindle F, which is held in the stufiing-boxF, with which the cup B is provided. By moving in or out the saidregulating-spindle the tension of the spring F against the valve F isregulated. When the pressure moves the valve F so as to admit fuel fromthe chamber D to the chamber C, the stem F abuts the end of the cup Fand the valve thus limited in its outward movement. It will beunderstood from this that the distance of movement of the valve-head F*from its seat is regulated by moving either out or in theregulating-spindle F in order to increase or decrease the charges. Thecup B is made leak-proof in any suitable manner. Communicating with theduct 6 is an annular groove 21, over which a washer 22 (made of anysuitable material) is suitably held in place, in which are a series ofholes :23, bymeans of which fuel is conveyed from annular groove 21 toannular groove 24, made in inner end of cup B The annular groove 24:communicates with the chamber D by means of the duct 25. The cup B isscrewed tightly against the washer 22, as shown.

The operation of both forms of my fuelmeasurer is the same. Thedirection of the flow of fuel is shown by arrows.

It will of course be understood that I may I use a water-jacket round myexplosion-chamher without departing from the spirit of my invention.

During the whole of the suction-stroke of the piston-head thealternative form of my invention (shown in Fig. 4:) will enable thepiston-head to draw in the liquid fuel. The measurer and its conduitswill be made of sufficient size so as to permit only the required amountfor a charge of raw gasolene to be sucked into the explosion-chamber.This will prevent the admission of too much fuel thereinto. In thepreferred form (shown in Fig. 3) the measurer will permit thepiston-head to suck into the explosion-chamber the required amount for acharge of raw gasolene only during portion of the suction-stroke ofsame, thus permitting the fed gasolene to be vaporized and mixed withair during the balance of the suction-stroke and the whole of thecompression-stroke. The alternative form (shown in Fig. 4) does notpermit of as thorough mixing of the air and gasolene; but yet I get mostexcellent results from same. I

p I do not confine myself to using an adjustable valve, but preferablyuse one.

I have minutely described and shown the construction and parts of mypreferred form, together with a modification of same, of myfuel-measurer; but it must be distinctly understood that I do notconfine myself to any parperform the same function in the same mannerthat mine does.

Although I preferably use a spring, I may dispense with one inconnection with the valve F when same is used in a vertical position.

What I claim as my invention is- 1.' The combination with theexplosionchamber, of a gas-engine, provided with adistinct air passageway, and a distinct fuelopening, and piston-head operating in saidexplosion-chamber. of a raw-liquid-fuel-measuring device comprising aconduit designed-to be filled with liquid fuel and connected to saidexplosion-chamber by means of its fuel-opening; a a valve stem held insaid conduit; a valve-head on one end of said valve stem, and a valvehead on the other end of said valve-stem; the said valve stem andvalveheads being operated by a portion of the suction-stroke of saidpiston-head to permit same to draw a chargeof raw liquid fuel into saidexplosion-chamber, one of said valve-heads automatically cutting off thefurther supply of liquid fuel into said explosion-chambernotwithstanding the continued suction-stroke of said piston-head, andthe other valve-head being operated by the compression stroke of saidpiston-head to prevent the pressure within the explosion-chamber fromforcing the raw liquid fuel out of said conduit.

2. The. combination with the explosionchamber, of a gas-engine, providedwith a distinct air passage way, and a distinct fuelopening, andpiston-head operating in said explosion-chamber, of arawliquid-fuel-meas uring device comprising a conduit designed to befilled with liquid fuel and connected to said explosion-chamber by meansof its fuel-opening; a valve-stem held in said conduit; a valvehead onone end of said valve-stem, and a valvehead on the other end of saidvalve-stem, the said valve-stem and valve-heads being operated by aportion of the suction-stroke ofsaid piston-head to permit same to drawa charge of raw liquid fuel into said explosion-chamber, one of saidvalve-heads automatically cutting off the further supply of liquid fuelinto said explosion-chamber notwithstanding the continued suction-strokeof said piston-head, andthe other valve-head being operated by thecompression stroke of said piston-head to prevent the pressure withinthe explosion-chamber from forcing the raw liquid fuel out of saidconduit, and a spring combined with said valve-stem.

3. The combination with the explosionchamber, of a gas-engine, providedwith a distinct air passage-way, and a distinct fuel-opening, andpiston-head operating in said explosion-chamber, of araw-liquid-fuel-measuring device comprising a conduit designed to befilled with liquid fuel and connected to said explosion-chamber by meansof its fuel-opening; a valve-stem held in said conduit; an ad- 5 ticularconstruction of fuel-measurer that will t justable valve-head on one endof said valvestem; a-valve-head on the other end of said valve-stem, thesaid valve-stern and valveheads being operated by a portion of thesuction-stroke of said piston-head to permit same to draw a charge ofraw liquid fuel into said explosion-chamber, one of said valve-headsautomatically cutting off the further supply of liquid fuel into saidexplosion-cl1amber notwithstanding the continued suction-stroke of saidpiston-head, and the other valve-head being operated by thecompression-stroke of said piston-head to prevent the pressure withinthe explosion-chamber from forcing the raw liquid fuel out of saidconduit.

4. The combination with the explosionchamber of a gas-engine, providedwith adistinct air passage-way, and a distinct fuel-opening, andpiston-head operating in said explosion-chamber, of araw-liquid-fuel-measuring device comprising a conduit designed to befilled with liquid fuel and connected to said explosion-chamber by meansof its fuel-opening; a valve-stem held in said conduit; an adjustablevalve-head on one end of said valve-stem, and a valve-head on the otherend of said valve-stem, the said valve-stem and valve-heads beingoperated by a portion of the suction-stroke of said piston-head topermit same to draw a charge of raw liquid fuel into said explosionchamber, one of said valve-heads automatically cutting Off the furthersupply of liquid fuel into said explosionchamber notwithstanding thecontinued suction-stroke of said piston-head, and the other valve-headbeing operated by the compression-stroke of said piston-head to preventthe pressure within the explosion-chamber from forcing the raw liquidfuel out of said conduit, and a spring combined with said valvestem.

5. The combination with the explosionchamber of a gas-engine providedwith a distinct air passage-way, and a distinct fuel-opening andpiston-head operating in said explosion-chamber, of a fu'el-measurercomprising a casing provided with a central passage-way and two ducts,two cups each screwing into a side of said casing thus forming twochambers which are connected together by said central passage-Way, thesaid ducts opening into said chambers; a valve-stem held in said centralpassage-way and constructed so as to permit flow of fuel from onechamber to another; a valve-head on one end of said valve-stem operatingin one of said chambers; a valve-head on the other end of said valvestemoperating in said other chamber, the said valve-stem being operated by aportion of the suction-stroke of said piston-head so as to permit saidpiston-head to draw a charge of raw liquid fuel into saidexplosion-chamber, one of said valve-heads automatically cutting off thefurther supply of liquid fuel into said explosion-chambernotwithstanding the continued suction-stroke of said piston-head; the

said valve-stem being operated by the compression-stroke of saidpiston-head so as to seat said other valve-head to prevent the pressurewithin the explosion-chamber from forcing the raw liquid fuel out ofsaid casing, a spring combined with said valve-stem, and thefuel-reservoir open to the pressure of the atmosphere.

6. The combination with the explosionchamber of a gas-engine providedwith a distinct air passage-w ay and a distinct fuel-opening, andpiston-head operating in said explosion-chamber, of a fuel-measurercomprising a casing provided with a central passage-way and two ducts,two cups each screwing into a side of said casing thus forming twochambers which are connected together by said central passage-way, thesaid ducts opening into said chambers; a valve-stem held in said centralpassage-way and constructed so as to permit flow of fuel from onechamber to another; a valve-head on one end of said valvestem operatingin one of said chambers; an adjustable valve-head on the other end ofsaid valve-stem operating in said other chamber, the said valve-stembeing operated by a por tion of the suction-stroke of said piston-headso as to permit said piston-head to draw a charge of raw liquid fuelinto said explosionchamber, one of said valve-heads automaticallycutting ofi" the'further supply of liquid fuel into said explosionchamber notwithstanding the continued suction-stroke of saidpiston-head; the said valve-stem being operated by thecompression-stroke of said pistonhead so as to seat said othervalve-head to prevent thc pressure within the explosionchamber fromforcing the raw liquid fuel out of said casing, a spring combined withsaid valve-stem, and the fuel-reservoir open to the pressure of theatmosphere.

7 The combination with the explosionchamber of a gas-engine providedwith a distinct air passage-way, and a distinct fuel-opening, andpiston-head operating in said explosion-chamber, of a fuel-measurercomprising a casing provided with a central passage-way and two ducts,two cups each screwing into a side of said casing thus forming twochambers which are connected together by said central passage-way, thesaid ducts opening into said chambers; a valve-stem held in said centralpassage-way and constructed so as to permit flow of fuel from onechamber to another; a valve-head on one end of said valvestem operatingin one of said chambers; an adjustable valve-head on the other end ofsaid valve-stem operating in said other chamber, the said valve-stembeing operated by a portion of the suction-stroke of said piston-head soas to permit said piston-head to draw a charge of raw liquid fuel intosaid explosionchamber, one of said valve-heads automatically cutting offthe further supply of liquid fuel into said explosion chamber notwith-ICC standing the continued suction=stroke of said piston-head; the saidvalve-stem being operated by the compression-stroke of said pistonheadso as to seat said other valve-head to prevent the pressure within theexplosioncharnber from forcing the raw liquid fuel out of said casing; aspring combined with said valve-stem; a key secured in said casing andheld so as to permit only longitudinal movement of said valve-stem andthe fuel-reservoir open to the pressure of the atmosphere.

8. The combination. with the explosionchamber of a gas-engine providedwith a distinct air passage-way, and adistinct fuel-opening, andpiston-head operating in said explosion-chamber, of a fuel-measurercomprising a-casing provided with a central passage-way and two ducts,two cups each screwing into a side of said casing thus forming twochambers which are connected together by said central passage-way, thesaid ducts opening into said chambers; a valve stem held in said centralpassage-way and constructed so as to permit flow of fuel from onechamber to another; a fixed valve-head, provided with a pocket, on oneend of said valve-stem, operating in one of said chambers; an ad- 1justable valve-head on the other end of said valve-stem operating insaid other chamber, the said valve-stem being operated by a portion ofthe suction-stroke of said piston-head so as to permit said piston-head.to draw a charge of raw liquid fuel into said explosionchamber, one ofsaid valve-heads automatically cutting off the further supply of liquidfuel into said explosion chamber notwithstanding the continuedsu'ction-stroke of said piston-head; the said valve-stem being operatedby the compression-stroke of said pistonhead so as to seat said othervalve-head to prevent the pressure within the explosion chamber fromforcing the raw liquid fuel out of said casing; a hollow screw held inone side of said casing in line with said valve-stem; a spring supportedin said hollow screw and in the pocket in said fixed valve-head; a keysecured in said casing and held so as to permit only longitudinalmovement of said valvestem; a pinheld in one side of said casing andbeing associated with said adjustable valve-head so as to move same; apointer secured to the outer end of said pin and being intended toindicate, by means of any suitable dial, with which said casing isprovided, the distance of movement of said adjustable valvehead, and thefuel-reservoir open to the pressure of the atmosphere.

9. The combination with the explosion: chamber of a gas-engine providedwith a distinct air passage-way, and a distinct fuel-opening, andpiston-head operating in said explosion-chamber, of a fuel-measurercomprising a casing provided with two duct-provided chambers connectedtogether by a passageway; a valvestern, held in said passage-way andconstructed so as to permit flow of fuel from one chamber to another; avalve-head on one end of said valve-stem operating in one of saidchambers; a valve-head on the other end of,said valve-stem operating insaid other chamber, the said valve-stem being perated by a portion ofthe suction-stroke of said piston-head so as to permit said pistonheadto draw a charge of raw liquid fuel into said explosion-chamber, one ofsaid valveheads automatically cutting off the further supply of liquidfuel into said explosion-chamber notwithstanding the continued suction'stroke of said piston-head; the said valve-stem being operated by thecompression-stroke of said piston-head so as to seat said othervalvehead to prevent the pressure within the explosion-chamber fromforcing the raw liquid fuel out of said casing; a spring combined withsaid valve-stem, and the fuel-reservoir open to the pressure of theatmosphere.

10. The combination with the explosionchamber of a gas-engine providedwith a distinct air passage-way, and a distinct fuel-opening, andpiston-head operating in said explosion-chamber, of a fuel-measurercomprising a casing provided with two duct-provided chambers connectedtogether by a passageway; a valve-stein, held in said passage-way andconstructed so as to permit flow of fuel from one chamber to another; avalve-head on one end of said valve-stem operating in one of saidchambers; an adjustable valvehead on the other end of said valve-stemoperating in said other chamber, the said valvestem being operated by aportion of the suction-stroke of said piston-head so asto permit saidpiston-head to draw a charge of liquid fuel into said explosion-chamber,one of said valve-heads automatically cutting olf the further supply ofliquid fuel into said explosionchamber notwithstanding the continuedsuction-stroke of said piston-head; the said valvestem being operated bythe compression-stroke of said piston-head so as to seat said othervalve-head to prevent the pressure within the explosion-chamber fromforcing the raw liquid fuel out of said casing; a spring combined withsaid valve-stem, and the fuel-reservoir open to the pressure of theatmosphere.

11. The combination with the explosionchamber of a gas-engine providedwith a distinct air passage-way, and a distinct fuelopen ing, andpiston-head operating in said explosion-chamber, of a fuel-measurercomprising a casing provided with two duct-provided chambers connectedtogether by a passageway; a valve-stem, held in said passage-way andconstructed so as to permit flow of fuel from onechamber to another; avalve-head on one end of said valve-stem operating in one of saidchambers; an adjustable valvehead on the other end of said valve-stem operating in said other chamber, the said valvestem being operated by aportion of the suction-stroke of said piston-head so as to permit saidpiston-head to draw a charge of raw liquid fuel into saidexplosion-chamber, one of said valve-heads automatically cutting off thefurther supply of liquid fuel into said explosionchamber notwithstandingthe continued suction-stroke of said piston-head; the said valvestembeing operated by the compression-stroke of said piston-head so as toseat said other valve-head to prevent the pressure within theexplosion-chamber from forcing the raw liquid fuel out of said casing; aspring combined with said valve-stem; a key secured in said casing andheld so as to permit only longitudinal movement of said valve-stem, andthe fuel-reservoir open to the pressure of the atmosphere.

12. The combination with the explosionchamber of a gas-engine providedwith a distinct air passage-Way, and a distinct fuel-opening, andpiston-head operating in said explosion-chamber, of afuel-measurercomprising a casing provided with two duct-provided chambers connectedtogether by a passage-way; a valve-stem, constructed so as to permitflow of fuel from one chamber to another, provided with a threaded end,operating in said passageway; a fixed valve-head on one end of saidvalve-stem,operating in one of said chambers, a key secured in saidcasing and combined with said valve-stem to permit only longitudinalmovement of same; an adjustable valve-head, on the threaded end of saidvalve-stem, operating in said other chamber, said valve-stem beingoperated by a portion of the suctionstroke of said piston-head so as topermit said piston-head to draw a charge of raw liquid fuel into saidexplosion-chamber, one of said valve-heads automatically cutting off thefurther supply of liquid fuel into said explosionchamber notwithstandingthe continued suction-stroke of said piston-head; the said valvestembeing operated by the compression-stroke of said piston-head so as toseat said other valve-head to prevent the pressure within theexplosion-chamber from forcing the raw liq- Y uid fuel out of saidcasing; a spring combined with said valve-stem; a pin held in one sideof said casing and being associated with said adjustable valve-head soas to move same; a pointer secured to the outer end of said pin andbeing intended to indicate, by means of any suitable dial, with whichsaid casing is provided, the distance of movement of said adjustablevalve-head, and the fuel-reservoir open to the pressure of theatmosphere.

13. A raw-liquid-fuel-measuring device comprising a conduit designed tobe filled with liquid fuel; a valve-stem held in said conduit; avalve-head on one end of said valve-stem, and a valve-head on the otherend of said valve-stem, said liquid fuel being subjected to differentpressures to operate said valve-stem and valve-heads to control passageof said liquid through said conduit.

14. A raw-liquid-fuel -measuring device comprising a conduit designed tobe filled with liquid fuel; a valve-stem held in said conduit; avalve-head on one end of said valve-stem, and a valve head on the otherend of said valve-stem, said liquid fuel being subjected'to differentpressures to operate said valve-stem and valve-heads to control passageof said liquid through said conduit, and a spring combined with saidvalve-stem.

15. A raw-liquid-fuelmeasuririg device comprising a conduit designed tobe filled with an adjustable valve-head on one end of said valve-stem,and a valve-head on the other end of said valve-stem, said liquid fuelbeing subvalve-stem and valve-heads to control passage of said liquidthrough said conduit.

16. A raw liquid fuel measuring device comprising a conduit designed tobe filled with liquid fuel; avalve-stem held in said conduit;

valve-stern, and avalve-head on the other end jected to differentpressures to operate said valve-stem and valve-heads to control passageof said liquid through said conduit, and a spring combined with saidvalve-stem.

17. A raw liquid fuel measuring device comprising a casing provided withtwo chambers connected together by a passage-way; a valve-stem held insaid passage-way; a valvehead on one end of said valve-stem operating inone of said chambers; a valve-head on the other end of said valve-stemoperating in said other chamber, the said liquid fuel being subjected todifferent pressures'to-operate said valve-heads to control passage ofsaid fuel through said casing.

18. A raw liquid-fuel-measuring device comprising a casing provided withtwo chambers connected together by a passage-way; a valve-stem: held insaid passage-way; a valvehead on one end of said valve-stem operatingother end of said valve-stem operating in said other chamber, the saidliquid fuel being subjected to different pressures to operate saidvalve-heads to control passage of said fuel through said casing, and aspring combined with said valve-stem.

19. A rawliquid-fuehmeasuring device comprising a casing provided withtwo ductprovided chambers connected together by a passage-way; avalve-stem, held in said passage-way and constructed so as to permitflow of fuel from one chamber to another; a valvehead on one end of saidvalve-stem operating in one of said'chambers; a valve-head on the otherend of said valve-stem operating in said other chamber, the said liquidfuel being subjected to different pressures to operate said valve-headsto control passage of said liquid through said casing.

jected to different pressures to operate said of said valve-stem, saidliquid fuel being sub-' in one of said chambers; a valve-head on theliquid fuel; a valve stem held in said conduit;

an adjustable valve-head on one end of said 20. Araw-liquid-fuel-measuring device comprising a casing provided with twoductprovided chambers connected together by a passage-way; a valve-stem,held in said passage-way and constructed so as to permit flow of fuelfrom one chamber to another; avalvehead on one end of said valve-stemoperating in one of said chambers; a valve-head on the other end of saidvalve-stem operating in said other chamber, the said liquid fuel beingsubjected to different pressures to operate said valve-heads to controlpassage of said liquid through said casing, and a spring combined withsaid valve-stem.

21. A raw liquid fuel measuring device comprising a casing provided withtwo ductprovided chambers connected together by a passage-way; avalve-stem, held in said passage-way and constructed so as to permitflow of fuel from one chamber to another; a valvehead on one end of saidvalve-stem operating in one of said chambers; an adjustable valvehead onthe other end of said valve-stem operating in said other chamber, thesaid liquid fuel being subjected to different pressures to operate saidvalve-heads to control passage of said liquid through'said casing, and aspring combined with said valve-stem.

22. A raw liquid fuel measuring device comprising a casing provided withtwo ductprovided chambers connected together by a passage-way; avalve-stem, held in said passage-way and constructed so as to permitflow of fuel from one chamber to another; a valvehead on one end of saidvalve-stem operating in one of said chambers; an adjustable valvehead onthe other end of said valve-stem operating in said other chamber, thesaid liquid fuel being subjected to different pressures to operate saidvalve-heads to control passage of said liquid through said casing; aspring combined with said valve-stem; and a key secured in said casingand held so as to only permit longitudinal movement of said valve-stem.

23. A raw liquid-fuelmeasuring device comprising a casing provided withtwo ductprovided chambers connected together by a passage-way; avalve-stem, held in said passage-way and constructed so as to permitflow of fuel from one chamber to another; a valvehcad on one end of saidvalve-stem operating in one of said chambers; an adjustable valvehead onthe other end of said valve-stem operating in said other chamber, thesaid liquid fuel being subjected to different pressures to operate saidvalve-heads to control passage of said liquid fuel through said casing;a spring combined with said valve-stem; a key secured in said casing andheld so as to only permit longitudinal movement of saidvalve-stem; a pinheld in one side of said casing and being associated with saidadjustable valve-head so as to move same, and a pointer secured to theouter end of said pin being intended to indicate, by means of anysuitable dial, with which said casing is provided, the distance ofmovement of said adjustable valve-head.

24. A raw-liquid-fuelmeasuring device comprising a casing provided witha central passage-way and'two ducts; two cups, each screwing in to aside of said casing thus forming two chambers which are connectedtogether by said central passage-way, the said ducts opening into saidchambers; a valvestem held in said central passage-way and constructedso as to permit flow of fuel from one chamber to another; a valve-headon one end of said valve-stem operating in one of said chambers; avalve-head on the other end of said valve-stem operating in said otherchamber, the said liquid fuel being subjected to different pressures tooperate said valve-heads to control passage of said fuel through saidcasing, and a spring combined with said valvestem. 7

25. A rawliquid-fuel-measuring device comprising a casing provided witha central passage-way and two ducts; two cups, each screwing into a sideof said casing thus forming two chambers which are connected together bysaid central passage-way, the said ducts opening into said chambers; avalvestem held in said central passage-way and constructed so as topermit flow of fuel from one chamber to another; a valve-head on one endof said valve-stem operating in one of said chambers; an adjustablevalve-head on the other end of said valve-stem operating in said otherchamber, the said liquid fuel being subjected to different pressures tooperate said valve-heads to control passage of said fuel through saidcasing, and a spring combined with valve-stem.

26. A raw liquid fuel measuring device comprising a casing provided witha central passage-way and two ducts; two cups, each screwing into a sideof said casing thus forming two chambers which are connected together bysaid central passage-way, the said ducts opening into said chambers; avalvestem held in said central passage-way and constructed so as topermit flow of fuel from one chamber to another; a valve-head on one endof said valve-stem operating in one of said chambers; an adjustablevalve-head on the other end of said valve-stem operating in said otherchamber, the said liquid fuel being subjected to different pressures tooperate said valve-heads to control passage of said fuel through saidcasing; a key secured in said casing and held so as to permit onlylongitudinal movement of said valve-stem, and a spring combined withsaid valve-stem.

27. A raw-liquid fuel measuring device comprising a casing provided witha central passage-way and two ducts; two cups, each screwing into a sideof said casing thus forming two chambers which are connected together bysaid central passage-way, the said ducts opening into said chambers; avalve-stem held in said central passage-Way and constructed so as topermit flow of fuel from one chamber to another; a valve-head on one endof said valve-stem operating in one of said chambers; an adjustablevalve-head on the other end of said valve-stem operating in said otherchamber, the said liquid fuel being subjected to different pressures tooperate said valveheads to control passage of said fuel through saidcasing; a key secured in said casing and held so as to permit onlylongitudinal movement of said valve-stem; a spring combined with saidvalve-stem; a pin held in one side of said casing and being associatedwith said adjustable valve-head so as to move same, and a pointersecured to the outer end of said pin and being intended to indicate, bymeans of any suitable dial, with which said casing is provided, thedistance of movement of said adjustable valve-head.

28. The combination with acasing provided with two duct-providedchambers connected together by a passage-way; of a valve-stem held insaid passage-way and constructed so as to permit flow of fuel from onechamber to another; a valve-head on one end of said valvestem operatingin one of said chambers; a

valve-head on the other end of said valve-stem operating in said otherchamber; the said valve-heads being seated alternately by the varyingpressure of the liquid Within said casing to control passage of saidliquid through said chambers and ducts, and a spring combined with saidvalve-stem.

29. The combination with a casing provided with two duct-providedchambers connected together by a passage-Way, of a valve-stem held insaid passage-way and constructed so as to permit flow of fuel from onechamber to another; a valve-head on one end of said valvestem operatingin one of said chambers; an adjustable valve-head on the other end ofsaid valve-stem operating in said other chamber; the said valve-headsbeing seated alternately by the varying pressure of the liquid withinsaid casing to control passage of said liquid through said chambers andducts, and a spring combined with said valve-stem.

30. The combination with a casing provided with two duct-providedchambers connected together by a passage-way; of a valve-stem held insaid passage-way and constructed so as to permit flow of fuel from onechamber to another; a valve-head on one end of said valvestem operatingin one of said chambers; an adjustable Valve-head on the other end ofsaid valve-stem operating in said other chamber; the said valve-headsbeing seated alternately by the varying pressure of the liquid withinsaid casing to control passage of said liquid through said chambers andducts; a spring combined with said valve-stem; a key combined with saidvalve-stem so as to permit only longitudinal movement of same, and meansfor adjusting said adjustable valve-head.

31. A raw-liquid-fuelmeasuring device comprising a casing provided witha central passage-way and two ducts; two cups, each screwing into a sideof said casing thus forming two chambers which are connected together bysaid central passage-way, the said ducts opening into said chambers; avalvestem held in said central passage-way and constructed so as topermit flow of fuel from one chamber to another; a valvehead on one endof said valve-stem operating in one of said chambers; an adjustablevalve-head on the other end of said valve-stem operating in said otherchamber, the said liquid fuel being subjected to different pressures tooperate said valve-heads to control passage of said fuel through saidcasing; a hollow screw held in one side of said casing in line with saidvalve-.

stem; a spring supported in said hollow screw and in the pocket in saidfixed valve-head; a key secured in said casing and held so as to permitonly longitudinal movement of said valve-stem; a pin held in one side ofsaid casing and being associated with said adjustable valve-head so asto move same, and a pointer secured to the outer end of said pin andbeingintended to indicate, by means of any suitable dial, with whichsaid casing is provided, the distance of movement of said adjustablevalvehead.

' In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ANSON GROVES RONAN. Vitnesses:

W. H. SMITH, EGERTON R. CASE.

